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Clinical needs and pathology’s answers in neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung

Authors

Giuseppe Pelosi , Alice Laffi , Mauro Papotti , Sylvie Lantuejoul , Jean-Yves Scoazec , Maria Gemelli , Riccardo Ricotta , Sergio Harari , Eleonora Duregon , Riccardo Papa , Angelica Sonzogni , Fabrizio Bianchi , Antonino Bruno , Barbara Bassani , Silvia Uccella , Carlo Carnaghi , Alexia Bertuzzi

Key words: neuroendocrine neoplasm, lung, pathology, oncology, diagnosis
DOI: 10.32074/1591-951X-N1102
Publication Date: 2025-06-27

Abstract

Lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) make up a variegated ensemble of malignancies encompassing typical carcinoid (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC). These are low to intermediate grade neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), which are full-fledged high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) showing similar clinical outcomes. Through a peer interaction between oncologist and pathologist, we herein constructed a practical approach based on questioning and answering regarding 8 practical issues aimed to provide shared solutions for clinical decision-making. These issues were itemized as sequential steps guided by clinical reasoning and concerned differential diagnosis, combined subtypes, primary and metastatic tumors, small diagnostic material, predictive biomarkers, tumor staging and, lastly, standardizing terminology. This study takes advantage of the close interaction between oncologists and pathologists as a tool to better delineate the decision-making on lung NENs.

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Authors

Giuseppe Pelosi - Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Inter-Hospital Pathology Division, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy

Alice Laffi - Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy

Mauro Papotti - Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

Sylvie Lantuejoul - Grenoble Alpes University, Department of Biopathology, Centre Léon Bérard & Pathology Research Platform, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France

Jean-Yves Scoazec - Department of Pathology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France, Université Paris Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Villejuif, France

Maria Gemelli - Medical Oncology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy

Riccardo Ricotta - Medical Oncology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy

Sergio Harari - Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Division of Pneumology, MultiMedica Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy

Eleonora Duregon - Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

Riccardo Papa - Inter-Hospital Pathology Division, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy

Angelica Sonzogni - Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy

Fabrizio Bianchi - Cancer Biomarker Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy

Antonino Bruno - 12 Innate Immunity Laboratory, Unit of Molecular Pathology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy; Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

Barbara Bassani - Innate Immunity Laboratory, Unit of Molecular Pathology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy

Silvia Uccella - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Pathology Service, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy

Carlo Carnaghi - Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Istituto Clinico Catanese, Misterbianco (CT), Italy

Alexia Bertuzzi - Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Copyright

Copyright (c) 2024 Società Italiana di Anatomia Patologica e Citopatologia Diagnostica, Divisione Italiana della International Academy of Pathology

How to Cite
Pelosi, G., Laffi, A., Papotti, M., Lantuejoul, S., Scoazec, J.-Y., Gemelli, M., Ricotta, R., Harari, S., Duregon, E., Papa, R., Sonzogni, A., Bianchi, F., Bruno, A., Bassani, B., Uccella, S., Carnaghi, C., & Bertuzzi, A. (2025). Clinical needs and pathology’s answers in neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung. Pathologica - Journal of the Italian Society of Anatomic Pathology and Diagnostic Cytopathology, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.32074/1591-951X-N1102
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